Goerz panorama battery telescope
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The Goerz panorama battery telescope was expecially
intended for the observation of targets and the direction and control of
fire. It was equipped with the same goniometer of the gun-sighting telescope,
and as general rule it was as similar as possible to the the optical devices
of the gun. The main difference was the magnifying power, that was twice as
great as it, in order to locate the target even when it was very far from the
observer or was covered or masked, and to verify the effect of fire, even
when the conditions were adverse. The eye-piece
was adjustable to the eyes of the observer and was equipped with diopter
arrangement. The micrometer, besides the cross usually employed to indicated
the optical axis of the instrument, had a reticle, which enabled not only to
aim accurately, but also to calculate quickly the extent of the target, the
height of burst, and the errors in direction. Usually the battery telescope was mounted on a
tripod, which could be carried tied to the saddle of the observer, or on a
carriage. In the first case its legs could be shortened, and the top was
hinged to the head of the tripod, which could be packed in a small-sized
leather bag. In the second case the legs could not be shortened, and the
tripod was attached to the carriages like an aiming post. The head of the
tripod with the telescope was not fixed to their legs, but was bound at it.
On the march it was put in a case or a bag carried in a box with the
telescope, and, before the use, it was pulled off and carried in the
ammunition belt. The battery telescope was connected with the tripod in the
same way as the gun-sighting telescope, and, if necessary, they could be
exchanged each other. To set up the telescope, the observer should loosen the clamps of the
of tripod legs, adjust the sliding portions to the desired height, and press
each leg well into the ground. To lay the instrument, he should use a special
device and cross levels. By means of a worm gear he could accurately point
the telescope in direction and in elevation, after having placed it at level
zero of its graduation. The tripod could be replaced by a shield or an
observation ladder, equipped with a socket where the head of the tripod with
the telescope could be fixed. The shield could be on an ammunition wagon or
directly on the ground. Since only the reflector of the telescope should
exceed the top of the shield, the observer was fully covered. The Bulgarian regulations gave detailed instructions
for the use of the battery telescope to calculate the distance from the
target, to determine the angle of site, and to direct the fire from a covered
position, placing the telescope near the guns and using auxiliary aiming
points. The Goerz panorama battery telescope was introduced
in 1905, and was continuously improved and updated year after year. Before
the outbreak of World War I it was adopted
by the army of many countries, among them Turkey, that in 1906-07
assigned this battery telescope to the field batteries, whose guns were
originally equipped only with plain arc sight, and no dial sights. SOURCE : Société anonyme C.P. GOERZ : La lunette panoramique. Berlin – Paris
1907. |
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Technical characteristics |
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Weight of
the telescope : |
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Magnifying
power : |
8x |
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Actual
field of view : |
5° |
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Fictive
field of view : |
40° |
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Entrance pupil : |
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Exit pupil : |
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Focal
length of the objective : |
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Focal
length of the eyepiece : |
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Vertical
distance between the axis of the eyepiece and the axis of the reflective
prism : |
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Deviation
of the reflective prism : |
± 300‰ |
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Scale of the goniometer : |
6400 |
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